What are some real-world examples of immutable databases?

What are some real-world examples of immutable databases?

Immutable databases are designed to ensure that once data is written, it cannot be changed. Some real-world examples include:

1. Blockchain: Used in cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin and Ethereum, where transaction records are immutable.
2. Event Sourcing: Systems like Apache Kafka store events in an immutable log, allowing for reliable data recovery and auditing.
3. Git: While primarily a version control system, Git uses an immutable data structure to track changes in code.

How does blockchain ensure immutability?

Blockchain ensures immutability through cryptographic hashing. Each block contains a hash of the previous block, creating a chain. If someone tries to alter a block, the hash changes, breaking the chain and alerting the network to the tampering.

What are the benefits of using immutable databases?

The benefits include enhanced data integrity, easier auditing and compliance, improved data recovery, and the ability to track changes over time without losing historical data.

Can you give an example of event sourcing in action?

Sure! In an e-commerce application, every action like adding an item to the cart or completing a purchase is stored as an event. This allows the system to reconstruct the current state of the cart by replaying these events, ensuring that all actions are recorded immutably.