Semaphore vs Mutex: What's the Difference?

Can you explain the difference between a semaphore and a mutex?

Sure! A mutex is a locking mechanism that allows only one thread to access a resource at a time, while a semaphore can allow multiple threads to access a resource, up to a specified limit.

When should I use a semaphore instead of a mutex?

You should use a semaphore when you want to control access to a resource that can be shared by multiple threads, like a pool of connections. A mutex is better for exclusive access.

Are there any performance differences between them?

Yes, semaphores can be more efficient in scenarios where multiple threads can work concurrently, while mutexes can introduce more overhead due to their exclusive locking nature.

Can you give me an example of when to use each?

Certainly! Use a mutex for protecting a single shared variable, like a counter. Use a semaphore for managing a limited number of database connections.