What are some examples of static classes in different programming languages?

What are some examples of static classes in different programming languages?

Static classes are classes that cannot be instantiated and typically contain static members. For example, in C#, you can define a static class like this:

public static class MathUtilities {
    public static int Add(int a, int b) {
        return a + b;
    }
}

In Java, you can use a class with a private constructor to achieve similar functionality:

public class MathUtilities {
    private MathUtilities() {} // Prevent instantiation
    public static int add(int a, int b) {
        return a + b;
    }
}

Would you like to see examples in other languages?

Yes, can you show me an example in Python?

Sure! In Python, you can use a module to achieve static-like behavior. Here's an example:

class MathUtilities:
    @staticmethod
    def add(a, b):
        return a + b

You can call the method like this:

result = MathUtilities.add(5, 3)

What about in JavaScript?

In JavaScript, you can use a class with static methods as follows:

class MathUtilities {
    static add(a, b) {
        return a + b;
    }
}

You can call the static method like this:

let result = MathUtilities.add(5, 3);

Thanks! Can you summarize the differences between these implementations?

Certainly! The main differences are:

• C# uses the static keyword for the entire class.
• Java uses a private constructor to prevent instantiation and static methods.
• Python uses the @staticmethod decorator to define static methods within a class.
• JavaScript uses the static keyword for methods within a class. Each language has its own syntax and conventions, but the concept remains similar.