What are the differences between std::async and std::thread in C++?

What are the differences between std::async and std::thread in C++?

std::async is used for asynchronous operations, while std::thread is for creating threads directly. std::async can return a future, allowing you to retrieve the result later, whereas std::thread requires manual management of thread lifecycle.

When should I use std::async instead of std::thread?

Use std::async when you want to run a task asynchronously and don't need to manage the thread's lifecycle. It's simpler for tasks that can be executed in the background and you want to retrieve results later.

Are there any performance differences between them?

Yes, std::async may introduce some overhead due to its management of futures and potential thread pooling, while std::thread gives you more control and can be more efficient for long-running tasks.

Can I use both in the same program?

Absolutely! You can mix std::async and std::thread in the same program depending on your needs for concurrency and task management.