What are the best practices for using std::atomic in C++?

What are the best practices for using std::atomic in C++?

When using std::atomic, ensure you understand memory ordering, use atomic operations appropriately, and avoid unnecessary atomics.

Can you explain memory ordering in more detail?

Sure! Memory ordering defines how operations on atomic variables are seen by other threads. The main types are relaxed, acquire, release, and sequentially consistent.

When should I use std::atomic instead of mutexes?

Use std::atomic for simple data types where you need lock-free operations. Mutexes are better for complex data structures or when you need to protect multiple variables.

Are there any performance considerations I should be aware of?

Yes, while std::atomic can improve performance by avoiding locks, excessive use can lead to cache contention. Always profile your application.