What are some examples of using the standard thread library in C++?

Can you give me some examples of using the standard thread library in C++?

Sure! The standard thread library in C++ allows you to create and manage threads easily. For example, you can create a thread using std::thread like this:

#include <iostream>
#include <thread>

void hello() {
    std::cout << "Hello from thread!" << std::endl;
}

int main() {
    std::thread t(hello);
    t.join(); // Wait for the thread to finish
    return 0;
}

What does t.join() do in that example?

t.join() is used to wait for the thread t to finish executing. It ensures that the main thread does not exit before the new thread has completed its task.

Are there any other functions in the thread library I should know about?

Yes! Besides std::thread, you should also look into std::mutex for managing access to shared resources, and std::condition_variable for synchronizing threads.

Can you show me an example using std::mutex?

Absolutely! Here's a simple example of using std::mutex to protect shared data:

#include <iostream>
#include <thread>
#include <mutex>

std::mutex mtx;
int shared_data = 0;

void increment() {
    mtx.lock();
    ++shared_data;
    mtx.unlock();
}

int main() {
    std::thread t1(increment);
    std::thread t2(increment);
    t1.join();
    t2.join();
    std::cout << "Shared data: " << shared_data << std::endl;
    return 0;
}