How do I use the sync package in Golang?

How do I use the sync package in Golang?

The sync package in Golang provides basic synchronization primitives such as Mutexes and WaitGroups. What specific functionality are you interested in?

Can you explain how to use Mutex for locking?

Sure! A Mutex is used to ensure that only one goroutine can access a critical section of code at a time. You can use sync.Mutex to lock and unlock the section. Here's a simple example:

var mu sync.Mutex

mu.Lock() // Lock the mutex
// critical section
mu.Unlock() // Unlock the mutex

What about WaitGroups? How do they work?

WaitGroups are used to wait for a collection of goroutines to finish executing. You can add the number of goroutines to wait for using Add(), and then call Done() in each goroutine when it finishes. Finally, use Wait() to block until all goroutines have completed.

Can you give me a code example for WaitGroups?

Absolutely! Here's a simple example:

var wg sync.WaitGroup

for i := 0; i < 3; i++ {
    wg.Add(1) // Increment the WaitGroup counter
    go func(i int) {
        defer wg.Done() // Decrement the counter when the goroutine completes
        fmt.Println("Goroutine", i)
    }(i)
}

wg.Wait() // Wait for all goroutines to finish