What are some examples of synchronization in Java?

What are some examples of synchronization in Java?

Synchronization in Java is a mechanism that ensures that two or more concurrent threads do not execute the same code at the same time. Here are a few examples:

1. Synchronized Methods: You can declare a method as synchronized to lock the object for that method.

   public synchronized void synchronizedMethod() {
       // method code
   }
   

2. Synchronized Blocks: You can also synchronize a block of code within a method. This is more flexible than synchronizing the entire method.

   public void method() {
       synchronized(this) {
           // synchronized code
       }
   }
   

3. Static Synchronization: You can synchronize static methods to lock the class itself rather than an instance.

   public static synchronized void staticSynchronizedMethod() {
       // static synchronized code
   }
   

Would you like to know more about any specific example?

Can you explain synchronized blocks in more detail?

Sure! Synchronized blocks in Java allow you to specify a block of code that should be synchronized, rather than synchronizing the entire method. This can improve performance by reducing the scope of the lock. Here's how it works:

public void exampleMethod() {
    // Non-synchronized code
    synchronized(this) {
        // Critical section of code that needs synchronization
    }
    // More non-synchronized code
}

In this example, only the code inside the synchronized block is locked, allowing other threads to execute the non-synchronized code concurrently. You can also synchronize on different objects to control access to different resources. Would you like to see an example of using a different object for synchronization?

Yes, please provide an example using a different object.

Certainly! Here's an example where we use a separate lock object for synchronization:

public class Counter {
    private int count = 0;
    private final Object lock = new Object();

    public void increment() {
        synchronized(lock) {
            count++;
        }
    }

    public int getCount() {
        return count;
    }
}

In this example, we have a Counter class with a lock object. The increment method uses this lock to synchronize access to the count variable. This allows for more granular control over synchronization, especially in complex applications. Do you have any other questions about synchronization?