What is the difference between synchronization and locking in programming?

What is the difference between synchronization and locking in programming?

Synchronization is a broader concept that ensures that multiple threads can operate safely on shared data. Locking is a specific mechanism used to achieve synchronization by restricting access to a resource.

Can you give me an example of how locking works?

Sure! Imagine two threads trying to update a bank account balance. If one thread locks the account while updating, the other thread must wait until the lock is released, preventing data corruption.

Are there different types of locks?

Yes, there are several types of locks, such as mutexes, read-write locks, and spinlocks, each serving different purposes in managing access to resources.

When should I use synchronization instead of locking?

Use synchronization when you need to coordinate multiple threads without necessarily blocking them. For example, using concurrent data structures can allow safe access without explicit locks.