What are the techniques of concurrency control in databases?

What are the techniques of concurrency control in databases?

Concurrency control in databases ensures that multiple transactions can occur simultaneously without leading to inconsistencies. Key techniques include locking, timestamp ordering, and optimistic concurrency control.

Can you explain how locking works?

Locking involves restricting access to a database resource to ensure that only one transaction can modify it at a time. There are different types of locks, such as exclusive locks and shared locks.

What is optimistic concurrency control?

Optimistic concurrency control allows transactions to execute without locking resources initially. It checks for conflicts before committing, rolling back if necessary.

What are the advantages of using timestamp ordering?

Timestamp ordering assigns a unique timestamp to each transaction, ensuring that they are executed in the order they were initiated, which helps maintain consistency.