How does CSS specificity work and how can I optimize it?

How does CSS specificity work and how can I optimize it?

CSS specificity determines which styles are applied to an element based on the rules defined in your stylesheets. It is calculated using a hierarchy of selectors: inline styles, IDs, classes, attributes, and element selectors. To optimize it, you should aim to keep your selectors as simple as possible, avoid using overly specific selectors, and use a consistent naming convention.

Can you give me an example of how specificity is calculated?

Sure! Specificity is calculated using a four-part value: (inline styles, IDs, classes/attributes/pseudo-classes, and elements/pseudo-elements). For example, in the selector #header .nav a, the specificity would be calculated as follows: 0-1-1-2 (0 inline styles, 1 ID, 1 class, and 2 elements).

What are some common mistakes to avoid with CSS specificity?

Common mistakes include using too many IDs, relying on !important to override styles, and creating overly complex selectors that make your CSS harder to maintain.

How can I refactor my CSS to improve specificity?

To refactor your CSS, start by identifying and removing unnecessary selectors, simplifying your rules, and using a consistent naming convention like BEM (Block Element Modifier) to keep your styles organized.