What are class variables in Python?

Can you explain what class variables are in Python?

Sure! Class variables are variables that are shared among all instances of a class. They are defined within the class but outside any instance methods.

How do class variables differ from instance variables?

Class variables are shared across all instances, while instance variables are unique to each instance. Changing a class variable affects all instances, but changing an instance variable only affects that specific instance.

Can you give me an example of class variables in action?

Of course! Here's a simple example:

class Dog:
    species = "Canis familiaris"  # class variable

    def __init__(self, name):
        self.name = name  # instance variable

# Creating instances
dog1 = Dog("Buddy")
dog2 = Dog("Max")

print(dog1.species)  # Output: Canis familiaris
print(dog2.species)  # Output: Canis familiaris