What are the differences between CommonJS and ES6 modules?

What are the main differences between CommonJS and ES6 modules?

CommonJS is a module system used primarily in Node.js, while ES6 modules are part of the ECMAScript 2015 standard. CommonJS uses require() to import modules and module.exports to export them, whereas ES6 modules use import and export syntax.

Can you explain how the loading mechanism differs between the two?

Sure! CommonJS modules are loaded synchronously, which means they are loaded at runtime. This is suitable for server-side applications. In contrast, ES6 modules are loaded asynchronously, allowing for better performance in web applications, as they can be loaded in parallel.

Are there any compatibility issues I should be aware of?

Yes, there can be compatibility issues. CommonJS modules cannot be directly used in ES6 modules without a transpiler or bundler. Additionally, some older environments may not support ES6 modules natively.

Which one should I use for a new project?

If you're starting a new project, it's generally recommended to use ES6 modules due to their modern syntax and better support for asynchronous loading. However, if you're working in a Node.js environment, CommonJS is still widely used.