What are the different hash functions?

What are hash functions and why are they important?

Hash functions are algorithms that convert input data into a fixed-size string of characters, which is typically a hash code. They are important for data integrity, security, and efficient data retrieval.

Can you explain some common hash functions?

Sure! Some common hash functions include MD5, SHA-1, and SHA-256. MD5 is fast but not secure, SHA-1 is more secure but has vulnerabilities, and SHA-256 is part of the SHA-2 family and is widely used for secure applications.

What are the differences between these hash functions?

The main differences lie in their output size, security level, and speed. MD5 produces a 128-bit hash, SHA-1 produces a 160-bit hash, and SHA-256 produces a 256-bit hash, with SHA-256 being the most secure.

When should I use SHA-256 over MD5?

You should use SHA-256 when security is a priority, such as in cryptographic applications, while MD5 can be used for non-security-critical tasks like checksums.