Can you explain what variance in generics means?
Sure! Variance in generics refers to how subtyping between more complex types relates to subtyping between their component types.
What are the different types of variance?
There are three main types of variance: covariance, contravariance, and invariance. Covariance allows a type to be substituted with its subtypes, while contravariance allows for substitution with its supertypes.
Can you give an example of covariance?
Absolutely! In a list of animals, if 'Dog' is a subtype of 'Animal', a List<Dog> can be treated as a List<Animal> in a covariant context.
What about contravariance?
In contravariance, if you have a function that takes an Animal, you can pass it a Dog. This allows for more general types to be used.
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