When should I use lock-free vs lock-based programming?

What are the main differences between lock-free and lock-based programming?

Lock-free programming allows multiple threads to operate without locking resources, reducing contention. Lock-based programming uses mutexes or locks to control access, which can lead to blocking.

When should I choose lock-free programming over lock-based?

Choose lock-free when you need high concurrency and low latency, especially in real-time systems. Lock-based is better for simpler scenarios where contention is low.

Are there any downsides to using lock-free programming?

Yes, lock-free programming can be more complex to implement and debug. It may also lead to increased CPU usage due to busy-waiting.

Can you give an example of a situation where lock-free is preferred?

A good example is in a high-frequency trading application where every microsecond counts, and you want to avoid the delays caused by locks.