Why are encapsulation and abstraction important?

Can you explain why encapsulation and abstraction are important in programming?

Sure! Encapsulation helps in bundling the data and methods that operate on the data within one unit, like a class. This protects the data from outside interference and misuse.

What about abstraction? How does it differ from encapsulation?

Abstraction focuses on hiding the complex reality while exposing only the necessary parts. It simplifies the interface and reduces complexity, allowing programmers to work at a higher level.

Can you give me an example of encapsulation in a programming language?

Absolutely! In Java, you can use private variables in a class and provide public getter and setter methods to access and modify those variables, ensuring controlled access.

How do these concepts improve code maintainability?

By using encapsulation and abstraction, you can change the internal implementation without affecting other parts of the code, making it easier to maintain and update.