What is XML Schema and how is it used?

What is XML Schema and how is it used?

XML Schema is a way to define the structure, content, and semantics of XML documents. It specifies the elements and attributes that can appear in a document, along with their data types and relationships.

Can you give me an example of an XML Schema?

Sure! Here's a simple example of an XML Schema for a book catalog:

<xs:schema xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">
  <xs:element name="catalog">
    <xs:complexType>
      <xs:sequence>
        <xs:element name="book" maxOccurs="unbounded">
          <xs:complexType>
            <xs:sequence>
              <xs:element name="title" type="xs:string"/>
              <xs:element name="author" type="xs:string"/>
              <xs:element name="year" type="xs:integer"/>
            </xs:sequence>
          </xs:complexType>
        </xs:element>
      </xs:sequence>
    </xs:complexType>
  </xs:element>
</xs:schema>

What are the benefits of using XML Schema?

Using XML Schema provides several benefits, including data validation, better documentation, and improved interoperability between systems.

How does XML Schema differ from DTD?

XML Schema is more powerful than DTD as it supports data types, namespaces, and provides a richer set of validation rules, making it more suitable for complex XML documents.