What are advanced concepts in generics?
Advanced concepts in generics include type constraints, variance, and higher-kinded types. Would you like to explore any specific area?
Can you explain type constraints?
Type constraints allow you to specify that a generic type must inherit from a certain class or implement an interface. This ensures type safety.
What is variance in generics?
Variance refers to how subtyping between more complex types relates to subtyping between their component types. It includes concepts like covariant and contravariant.
Can you give an example of covariant types?
Sure! In a covariant scenario, if Cat
is a subtype of Animal
, then List<Cat>
is considered a subtype of List<Animal>
. This allows for more flexible type usage.
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