How does map iteration work in C++?

Can you explain how map iteration works in C++?

Sure! In C++, you can iterate over a map using iterators or range-based for loops. Would you like an example?

Yes, please provide an example using both methods.

Here's an example using iterators:

std::map<int, std::string> myMap = {{1, "one"}, {2, "two"}};
for (auto it = myMap.begin(); it != myMap.end(); ++it) {
    std::cout << it->first << ": " << it->second << std::endl;
}

And using a range-based for loop:

for (const auto& pair : myMap) {
    std::cout << pair.first << ": " << pair.second << std::endl;
}

What are the advantages of using range-based for loops?

Range-based for loops are more concise and easier to read. They also reduce the risk of errors related to iterator management.

Are there any performance differences between the two methods?

Generally, there are no significant performance differences for most use cases. However, range-based for loops can be slightly more optimized by the compiler.