What are some examples of template parameters in C++?

What are some examples of template parameters in C++?

Template parameters in C++ allow you to create functions and classes that can operate with any data type. For example, you can define a template function like this:

template <typename T>
T add(T a, T b) {
    return a + b;
}

This function can add integers, floats, or any other type that supports the + operator.

Can you give me another example?

Sure! Here's a template class example:

template <typename T>
class Box {
private:
    T value;
public:
    Box(T v) : value(v) {}
    T getValue() { return value; }
};

This Box class can hold any type of value.

What about using non-type template parameters?

Non-type template parameters are also useful. For instance:

template <typename T, int size>
class Array {
private:
    T arr[size];
public:
    int getSize() { return size; }
};

Here, size is a non-type parameter that defines the size of the array.

How do I specialize a template?

You can specialize a template for a specific type. For example:

template <> 
class Box<int> {
private:
    int value;
public:
    Box(int v) : value(v) {}
    int getValue() { return value * 2; } // Special behavior for int
};

This specialization changes the behavior of Box when the type is int.