What is a hash function in cryptography?
A hash function is a mathematical algorithm that transforms input data into a fixed-size string of characters, which is typically a digest that uniquely represents the data.
How does a hash function ensure data integrity?
Hash functions ensure data integrity by producing a unique hash value for each unique input. If the input changes, even slightly, the hash value will change significantly, indicating potential tampering.
Can you give me an example of a commonly used hash function?
Sure! A commonly used hash function is SHA-256, which is part of the SHA-2 family and is widely used in blockchain technology and data verification.
What are the applications of hash functions?
Hash functions are used in various applications, including data integrity verification, password storage, digital signatures, and blockchain.
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