What are the basics of C++ templates?

What are the basics of C++ templates?

C++ templates allow you to write generic and reusable code. They enable functions and classes to operate with any data type.

Can you give me an example of a simple template function?

Sure! Here's a simple template function that swaps two values:

template <typename T>
void swap(T &a, T &b) {
    T temp = a;
    a = b;
    b = temp;
}

What are the advantages of using templates?

Templates promote code reusability, type safety, and can lead to more efficient code since they are resolved at compile time.

Are there any downsides to using templates?

Yes, templates can lead to code bloat if overused, and error messages can be more complex and harder to understand.