Can you explain class methods in Python with examples?

Can you explain class methods in Python with examples?

Sure! In Python, class methods are methods that are bound to the class rather than its instance. They can modify class state that applies across all instances of the class. You define a class method using the @classmethod decorator.

Can you give me an example of a class method?

Absolutely! Here's a simple example:

class Dog:
    species = 'Canis familiaris'

    @classmethod
    def what_species(cls):
        return cls.species

print(Dog.what_species())  # Output: Canis familiaris

What is the difference between class methods and static methods?

Great question! Class methods take a reference to the class (cls) as the first parameter, while static methods do not take any reference to the class or instance. Static methods are defined using the @staticmethod decorator.

Can you show me an example of a static method?

Sure! Here's an example of a static method:

class Math:
    @staticmethod
    def add(x, y):
        return x + y

print(Math.add(5, 3))  # Output: 8