What is encapsulation in C++ and Java?

What is encapsulation in C++ and Java?

Encapsulation is a fundamental concept in object-oriented programming that restricts access to certain components of an object. In C++ and Java, it allows you to bundle data and methods that operate on that data within a single unit, typically a class.

Can you give me an example of encapsulation in Java?

Sure! In Java, you can use private variables and public methods to achieve encapsulation. For example:

class Person {
    private String name;

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
}

Here, the name variable is private, and you can access it through the getName and setName methods.

How does encapsulation differ between C++ and Java?

While both languages use encapsulation to protect data, C++ allows for more control with access specifiers like private, protected, and public. Java also uses these specifiers but emphasizes the use of getter and setter methods for accessing private data.

What are the benefits of using encapsulation?

Encapsulation provides several benefits, including improved code maintainability, increased security by hiding data, and the ability to change the internal implementation without affecting external code.