How do try-catch-finally blocks work in C++ and Java?

Can you explain how try-catch-finally blocks work in C++ and Java?

Sure! In both C++ and Java, try-catch-finally blocks are used for exception handling. The 'try' block contains code that might throw an exception, the 'catch' block handles the exception, and the 'finally' block executes code after the try and catch blocks, regardless of whether an exception occurred.

What happens if an exception is thrown in the try block?

If an exception is thrown in the try block, the control is transferred to the catch block that matches the exception type. If no matching catch block is found, the program may terminate or propagate the exception further.

Is the finally block mandatory in these constructs?

No, the finally block is not mandatory. You can use try and catch without finally. However, if you need to ensure that certain code runs regardless of exceptions, using finally is a good practice.

Can you give me a code example in both languages?

Certainly! In Java:

try {
    // code that may throw an exception
} catch (ExceptionType e) {
    // handle exception
} finally {
    // cleanup code
}

In C++:

try {
    // code that may throw an exception
} catch (const ExceptionType& e) {
    // handle exception
} // No finally block in C++ but you can use RAII for cleanup.