What are the differences between smart pointers in C++?

What are the differences between smart pointers in C++?

In C++, smart pointers are used to manage memory automatically. The main types are unique_ptr, shared_ptr, and weak_ptr. Each has different ownership semantics.

Can you explain unique_ptr?

Sure! unique_ptr is a smart pointer that owns a dynamically allocated object exclusively. It cannot be copied, only moved, ensuring that there is only one owner.

What about shared_ptr?

shared_ptr allows multiple smart pointers to share ownership of the same object. It keeps a reference count to manage the object's lifetime.

And weak_ptr?

weak_ptr is used in conjunction with shared_ptr to prevent circular references. It does not affect the reference count and can be converted to shared_ptr when needed.

When should I use each type?

Use unique_ptr when you want sole ownership, shared_ptr for shared ownership, and weak_ptr to break circular dependencies.