What is encapsulation in JavaScript?

What is encapsulation in JavaScript?

Encapsulation is a fundamental concept in object-oriented programming that restricts access to certain components of an object. In JavaScript, it allows you to bundle data and methods that operate on that data within a single unit, typically an object.

Can you give me an example of encapsulation in JavaScript?

Sure! Here's a simple example:

class Person {
    constructor(name, age) {
        let _name = name; // private variable
        let _age = age;  // private variable

        this.getName = function() { return _name; };
        this.getAge = function() { return _age; };
        this.setName = function(name) { _name = name; };
        this.setAge = function(age) { _age = age; };
    }
}

const person = new Person('Alice', 30);
console.log(person.getName()); // Alice
console.log(person.getAge());  // 30
person.setName('Bob');
console.log(person.getName()); // Bob

What are the benefits of using encapsulation?

Encapsulation provides several benefits:

1. Data Hiding: It protects the internal state of an object from unintended interference.
2. Modularity: It allows for better organization of code, making it easier to manage.
3. Maintainability: Changes to encapsulated code can be made with minimal impact on other parts of the program.

Are there any drawbacks to encapsulation?

Yes, while encapsulation has many benefits, it can also introduce complexity. It may lead to more boilerplate code and can make debugging more challenging if not implemented carefully.