How do I implement encapsulation in JavaScript?

How do I implement encapsulation in JavaScript?

Encapsulation in JavaScript can be achieved using closures or classes. Would you like to see examples of both?

Yes, please show me an example using closures.

Sure! Here's a simple example:

function Counter() {
    let count = 0; // private variable

    this.increment = function() {
        count++;
        return count;
    };

    this.getCount = function() {
        return count;
    };
}

const counter = new Counter();
console.log(counter.increment()); // 1
console.log(counter.getCount()); // 1

In this example, count is a private variable that cannot be accessed directly from outside the Counter function.

That's great! Can you also show me how to do it with classes?

Absolutely! Here's how you can implement encapsulation using classes:

class Counter {
    #count = 0; // private field

    increment() {
        this.#count++;
        return this.#count;
    }

    getCount() {
        return this.#count;
    }
}

const counter = new Counter();
console.log(counter.increment()); // 1
console.log(counter.getCount()); // 1

In this example, #count is a private field that is only accessible within the class.