What are enzymes and their role in biochemistry?

What are enzymes and their role in biochemistry?

Enzymes are biological catalysts that speed up chemical reactions in living organisms. They are crucial for processes like digestion and metabolism.

How do enzymes work at a molecular level?

Enzymes work by lowering the activation energy of reactions, allowing substrates to convert into products more easily. They have specific active sites that bind to substrates.

Can you give me examples of important enzymes?

Sure! Some important enzymes include amylase, which helps digest carbohydrates, and lactase, which breaks down lactose in dairy products.

What factors affect enzyme activity?

Factors like temperature, pH, and substrate concentration can significantly affect enzyme activity. Each enzyme has optimal conditions for its function.

Are there any diseases related to enzyme deficiencies?

Yes, enzyme deficiencies can lead to various diseases, such as phenylketonuria (PKU) due to a lack of phenylalanine hydroxylase.