What are some examples of composition in Python?

What are some examples of composition in Python?

Composition in Python is a design principle where a class is composed of one or more objects from other classes. For example, if you have a Car class, it can be composed of Engine and Wheel classes.

Can you give me a code example of composition?

Sure! Here's a simple example:

class Engine:
    def start(self):
        return "Engine started"

class Wheel:
    def rotate(self):
        return "Wheel is rotating"

class Car:
    def __init__(self):
        self.engine = Engine()
        self.wheel = Wheel()

    def drive(self):
        return self.engine.start() + ' and ' + self.wheel.rotate()

my_car = Car()
print(my_car.drive())

What are the benefits of using composition over inheritance?

Composition offers greater flexibility and reusability compared to inheritance. It allows you to change behavior at runtime and avoid the complexities of deep inheritance hierarchies.

Are there any drawbacks to using composition?

One drawback is that it can lead to more complex code if overused, as it requires managing multiple objects and their interactions.