What is the history of ethical philosophy?

What is the history of ethical philosophy?

The history of ethical philosophy explores how moral principles have evolved from ancient times to modern day. It includes key figures like Socrates, Aristotle, Kant, and Mill.

Can you tell me more about Aristotle's contributions?

Aristotle's contributions include the concept of virtue ethics, which emphasizes character and the importance of developing good habits to achieve eudaimonia, or human flourishing.

How did Kant's ideas differ from Aristotle's?

Kant introduced deontological ethics, focusing on duty and moral rules rather than character. He believed that actions are morally right if they adhere to a universal moral law.

What impact did utilitarianism have on ethical philosophy?

Utilitarianism, developed by philosophers like Bentham and Mill, shifted the focus to the consequences of actions, advocating for the greatest happiness for the greatest number.

Are there any modern ethical theories that build on these ideas?

Yes, modern ethical theories like care ethics and virtue ethics continue to build on classical ideas, emphasizing relationships and character in moral decision-making.