How does scoping work in Python?

Can you explain how scoping works in Python?

Sure! In Python, scoping refers to the visibility of variables in different parts of your code. There are four main scopes: local, enclosing, global, and built-in.

What is the difference between local and global scope?

Local scope refers to variables defined within a function, while global scope refers to variables defined outside any function. Local variables can only be accessed within their function.

Can you give me an example of how to use global variables?

Absolutely! You can declare a global variable outside of any function and then use the global keyword inside a function to modify it. For example:

x = 10  # global variable

def modify_global():
    global x
    x += 5

modify_global()
print(x)  # Output will be 15

What happens if I try to access a local variable outside its function?

If you try to access a local variable outside its function, you'll get a NameError because the variable is not defined in that scope.