How is nuclear fusion different from fission?

What is the main difference between nuclear fusion and fission?

Nuclear fusion combines light atomic nuclei to form a heavier nucleus, releasing energy, while fission splits heavy nuclei into lighter ones.

Can you explain how each process generates energy?

In fusion, energy is released when nuclei combine due to the strong nuclear force overcoming repulsion. In fission, energy comes from the release of binding energy when a nucleus splits.

Which process is used in nuclear power plants?

Nuclear power plants primarily use fission, where uranium or plutonium nuclei are split to produce heat for electricity.

Is fusion considered safer than fission?

Yes, fusion is generally considered safer as it produces less radioactive waste and carries a lower risk of catastrophic failure.

What are the current challenges in achieving nuclear fusion?

The main challenges include achieving the necessary high temperatures and pressures for fusion to occur and maintaining a stable reaction.