What are LRU cache algorithms and how do they work?

What are LRU cache algorithms and how do they work?

LRU stands for Least Recently Used. It's a cache algorithm that evicts the least recently accessed items first to make space for new ones.

Can you explain how LRU is implemented in programming?

Sure! LRU can be implemented using a combination of a hash map and a doubly linked list. The hash map stores the keys and pointers to the nodes in the linked list, while the linked list maintains the order of access.

What are the advantages of using LRU over other caching algorithms?

LRU is efficient for scenarios where the most recently accessed data is likely to be accessed again soon. It reduces cache misses compared to FIFO or random eviction strategies.

Are there any downsides to using LRU?

Yes, LRU can be more complex to implement and may require more memory overhead due to the linked list structure. Additionally, it may not perform well in certain access patterns.