What is encapsulation in Python?

What is encapsulation in Python?

Encapsulation is a fundamental concept in object-oriented programming that restricts access to certain components of an object. In Python, it is typically achieved using private and public attributes.

Can you give me an example of encapsulation in Python?

Sure! Here's a simple example:

class Car:
    def __init__(self, make, model):
        self.__make = make  # private attribute
        self.__model = model  # private attribute

    def get_make(self):
        return self.__make

    def get_model(self):
        return self.__model

my_car = Car('Toyota', 'Corolla')
print(my_car.get_make())  # Outputs: Toyota

Why is encapsulation important?

Encapsulation is important because it helps to protect the internal state of an object, reduces complexity, and increases code maintainability by exposing only necessary parts of an object.