What are some examples of broadcasting in NumPy?

What are some examples of broadcasting in NumPy?

Broadcasting in NumPy allows you to perform operations on arrays of different shapes. For example, if you have a 1D array and a 2D array, NumPy can automatically expand the dimensions of the 1D array to match the 2D array's shape.

Can you show me a specific example?

Sure! If you have a 1D array a = np.array([1, 2, 3]) and a 2D array b = np.array([[10, 20, 30], [40, 50, 60]]), adding them together will broadcast a to match the shape of b, resulting in [[11, 22, 33], [43, 52, 63]].

What happens if the shapes are incompatible?

If the shapes are incompatible, NumPy will raise a ValueError. For example, trying to add a shape (3,) array to a shape (2,3) array will not work.

Are there any performance benefits to using broadcasting?

Yes, broadcasting can lead to more efficient computations by avoiding the need to create large temporary arrays, thus saving memory and speeding up operations.