What are the main theories in theoretical ethics?

What are the main theories in theoretical ethics?

The main theories in theoretical ethics include utilitarianism, deontology, virtue ethics, and social contract theory. Would you like to explore one of these in detail?

Can you explain utilitarianism?

Utilitarianism is an ethical theory that suggests the best action is the one that maximizes overall happiness or utility. It evaluates the consequences of actions to determine their moral worth.

What are some criticisms of utilitarianism?

Critics argue that utilitarianism can justify harmful actions if they result in greater overall happiness, and it may overlook individual rights and justice.

How does deontology differ from utilitarianism?

Deontology focuses on the morality of actions themselves rather than their consequences. It emphasizes duties and rules, suggesting that some actions are morally required or forbidden regardless of their outcomes.

Can you give an example of virtue ethics?

Sure! Virtue ethics emphasizes character and the virtues that a good person should embody. For example, a virtuous person would act with honesty, courage, and compassion in their daily life.