What are some use cases for closures in Python?

What are some use cases for closures in Python?

Closures in Python are often used for data hiding, creating decorators, and maintaining state in callbacks.

Can you give me an example of a closure in action?

Sure! Here's a simple example:

def outer_function(msg):
    def inner_function():
        print(msg)
    return inner_function

closure = outer_function('Hello, World!')
closure()  # This will print 'Hello, World!'

How do closures help with decorators?

Closures allow decorators to capture and remember the state of the function they are modifying, enabling powerful enhancements.

Are there any performance considerations when using closures?

Yes, closures can lead to increased memory usage since they maintain references to their enclosing scope, so use them judiciously.