How do I use smart pointers in C++?

How do I use smart pointers in C++?

Smart pointers in C++ are used to manage memory automatically. They help prevent memory leaks and dangling pointers. The three main types are std::unique_ptr, std::shared_ptr, and std::weak_ptr. Would you like to know about a specific type?

Can you explain the difference between unique_ptr and shared_ptr?

Certainly! std::unique_ptr is a smart pointer that owns a dynamically allocated object exclusively. It cannot be copied, only moved. On the other hand, std::shared_ptr allows multiple pointers to share ownership of the same object, using reference counting to manage the object's lifetime.

When should I use weak_ptr?

You should use std::weak_ptr to break circular references between shared_ptrs. It allows you to reference an object managed by shared_ptr without affecting its reference count, thus preventing memory leaks.

Can you give me a code example of using unique_ptr?

Sure! Here's a simple example:

#include <memory>

int main() {
    std::unique_ptr<int> ptr = std::make_unique<int>(10);
    std::cout << *ptr << std::endl; // Outputs: 10
    return 0;
}