How do I use WaitGroup in Go?

How do I use WaitGroup in Go?

You can use WaitGroup in Go to wait for a collection of goroutines to finish executing. It helps manage concurrency.

Can you show me a simple example?

Sure! Here's a basic example:

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "sync"
)

func main() {
    var wg sync.WaitGroup

    for i := 1; i <= 3; i++ {
        wg.Add(1) // Increment the WaitGroup counter
        go func(i int) {
            defer wg.Done() // Decrement the counter when the goroutine completes
            fmt.Printf("Goroutine %d is running\n", i)
        }(i)
    }

    wg.Wait() // Wait for all goroutines to finish
    fmt.Println("All goroutines finished!")
}

What happens if I forget to call Done()?

If you forget to call Done(), the WaitGroup counter will never reach zero, and your program will hang indefinitely at the Wait() call.

Are there any best practices for using WaitGroup?

Yes, some best practices include:

1. Always call Done() in a deferred function within the goroutine.
2. Avoid adding to the WaitGroup after starting the goroutine.